In mercury electrolysis cells, mercury as the liquid cathode reacts with sodium ions to form sodium amalgam (Na + + Hg + e − → ∙NaHg), whereas Cl 2 is formed on the anode. At present, membrane electrolytic cell technology accounts for approximately 81% of the global chlor-alkali capacity. The chlor-alkali industry has experienced a long development process from mercury, diaphragm electrolytic cells to ion exchange membrane (IEM) electrolytic cells. Therefore, energy saving and emission reduction in the chlor-alkali production process are important development directions. However, the current chlor-alkali process is one of the industries with high energy consumption, releasing large amounts of pollutants and causing serious environmental problems. NaOH is also a common chemical raw material that is widely used in the production of detergents, herbicides, pesticides, medicines, plastics, and soaps. Chlorine has been used in a variety of applications, including the production of building materials such as polyvinyl chloride, organic synthesis, metallurgy, water treatment, and the manufacture of titanium dioxide.
Each ton of chlorine consumes about 2200–2600 kW∙h of electricity, and the global chlor-alkali industry needs to consume over 150 TW∙h of electricity every year, accounting for about 10% of global electricity.
The global annual production of chlorine exceeds 75 million tons. The chlor-alkali process is one of the most basic chemical industries, mainly producing chlorine (Cl 2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
0 kommentar(er)
